Asp.Net 导出数据格式为Excel 数据的9种方案

Excel 的强大之处在于它不仅仅只能打开Excel格式的文档，它还能打开CSV格式、Tab格式、website table 等多钟格式的文档。它具备自动识别行号，字符，格式化数字等功能，例如：如果你在Excel 单元格中输入数字 "123456789012" 会自动转化为"1.23457E+11"。

背景介绍

正因为Excel的强大和易用，大家都喜欢将数据导出为 Excel 备用。这里我会介绍一系列通过Asp.Net导出Excel数据的方法。将导出文件存储到服务器并提供地址给客户端下载，或重定向到文件下载页面：当Response时，数据列以 "\t" 分隔，行以"\n"分隔。好了，现在给大家展示这是怎么做的。

使用代码导出

方案1：导出全部HTML 数据到 Excel

这种方法是将Html中的所有文档内容，包括按钮，表格，图片等所有页面内容导出为 Excel

Response.Clear();
Response.Buffer = true;
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+DateTime.
Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+".xls");
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
Response.ContentType = ""application/ms-excel";
this.EnableViewState = false;

这里我们使用了Page的"ContentType" 属性，它默认为"text/Html"，输出到客户端即为Html。如果我们将它改为"ms-excel"，页面将输出Excel格式的内容，客户端就可以下载并存储它了。
页面property 还包括：image/JPEG, text/HTML, image/GIF and vnd.ms-excel/msword.

方案2：从DataGrid导出数据到Excel

尽管上面的方法能帮你导出Excel数据，但它导出了所有的HTML内容，包括按钮、图片等，这并不是我们所需要的。通常，我们仅仅需要导出DataGrid中的数据。

System.Web.UI.Control ctl=this.DataGrid1;
//DataGrid1 (you created in the windowForm)
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.Default;
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;
System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);
ctl.RenderControl(hw);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();

如果你有多个包含DataGrid 并需导出数据的页面，我们可以封装方法：

public void DGToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl)
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";
ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;
System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);
ctl.RenderControl(hw);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}

调用方法：DGToExcel(datagrid1);

方案3:自动导出Excel数据

使用此方法，你需要下载免费的.NET组件，并使用如下代码（部分）导出数据：

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection oleDbConnection1 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection();
oleDbConnection1.ConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=..\..\..\..\Database\demo.mdb";

System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand1 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();
oleDbCommand1.CommandText = "select * from parts";
oleDbCommand1.Connection = oleDbConnection1;

System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand2 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();
oleDbCommand2.CommandText = "select * from country";
oleDbCommand2.Connection = oleDbConnection1;

　　 Spire.DataExport.Delegates.DataParamsEventHandler(this.cellExport3_GetDataParams);

oleDbConnection1.Open();
try
{
cellExport3.SaveToFile();
}
finally
{
oleDbConnection1.Close();
}
}

private void cellExport3_GetDataParams
(object sender, Spire.DataExport.EventArgs.DataParamsEventArgs e)
{
if ((e.Sheet == 0) && (e.Col == 6))
{
e.FormatText = (sender as Spire.DataExport.XLS.WorkSheet).ExportCell.DataFormats.Currency;
}
}

执行上面的代码，你将得到：

此方案导出的Excel文件可以直接在Excel 2010 中打开、编辑和修改。虽然一些特定的功能不可用，但它能够被Excel 2010使用。

方案4:从DataSet导出Excel数据

依照上面都的方法，我么能很容易的导出DataSet数据到Excel，我们只需要在页面Response 时将DataSet 表中的数据组装为"ms-excel" 格式的数据，并通过Http发送出去。

注：ds 代表Dataset，用它来填充DataTable，文件名包含后缀，例如：excel2006.xls。

public void CreateExcel(DataSet ds,string FileName)
{
HttpResponse resp;
resp = Page.Response;
resp.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8");
resp.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+FileName);
string colHeaders= "", ls_item="";
// Define table object and row object,
// and at the same time use DataSet initialize value.
DataTable dt=ds.Tables[0];
DataRow[] myRow=dt.Select();//dt.Select("id>10")
Data Filer can be used as: dt.Select("id>10")
int i=0;
int cl=dt.Columns.Count;
//Get column titles of each DataTable and divided by "t". Press "enter" after the last column title.
for(i=0;i<cl;i++) colheaders+="dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()+"t";"
for(i="0;i<cl;i++)" if(i="=(cl-1))//(last" +="dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()"
ls_item+="row[i].ToString()+"t";" />

方案5:从DataView导出Excel数据

如果你想导出不规则的行和列到Excel，你可以使用一下方法:

public void OutputExcel(DataView dv,string str)
{
//dv presents data which will be exported to Excel,
str is the name of title
GC.Collect();
Application excel;// = new Application();
int rowIndex=4;
int colIndex=1;
_Workbook xBk;
_Worksheet xSt;
excel= new ApplicationClass();
xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(true);
xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet;
//
// Acquire Title
//
foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
{
colIndex++;
excel.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells
[4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment
= XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//Set title format as middle
}

//
//Obtain data from table
//
foreach(DataRowView row in dv)
{
rowIndex ++;
colIndex = 1;
foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
{
colIndex ++;
if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime"))
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]
= (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells
[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment
= XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;// Set the style as middle
}
else
if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String"))
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = "'"+row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells
[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;
// Set the style as middle
}
else
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
}
}
}
//
//load a Aggregate line
//
int rowSum = rowIndex + 1;
int colSum = 2;
excel.Cells[rowSum,2] = " Aggregate ";
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment
= XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;
//
//Set color for the selected content
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells
[rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex
= 19;//more than 50 types of color for you to choose
//
//obtain title of the whole excelsheet
//
excel.Cells[2,2] = str;
//
//Set title format for the whole excelsheet
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22;
//
//Set fittest width
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit();
//
//Set the tile as Cross and Middle
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment
= XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcrossSelection;
//
//Draw borders
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight
= XlBorderWeight.xlThick;// Set left line as bold
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight
= XlBorderWeight.xlThick;// Set upper line as bold
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//Set right line as bold
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//Set bottom line as bold
//
//Display effect
//
excel.Visible=true;
//xSt.Export(Server.MapPath(".")+");
xBk.SaveCopyAs(Server.MapPath(".")+"");
ds = null;
xBk.Close(false, null,null);
excel.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBk);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excel);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSt);
xBk = null;
excel = null;
xSt = null;
GC.Collect();
string path = Server.MapPath(this.xlfile.Text+".xls");
System.IO.FileInfo file = new System.IO.FileInfo(path);
Response.Clear();
Response.Charset="UTF-8";
Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
//Add header, give a default file name for "File Download/Store as"
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="
+ Server.UrlEncode(file.Name));
//Add header, set file size to enable browser display download progress
Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", file.Length.ToString());
//Set the return string is unavailable reading for client, and must be downloaded
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
//Send file string to client
Response.WriteFile(file.FullName);
//Stop execute
Response.End();
}

两种 WinForms 导出Excel 数据的解决方案

方案6:

SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection
(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);
SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);
DataSet ds=new DataSet();
da.Fill(ds,"table1");
DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];
string downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString
("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next
(10000).ToString()+".csv";//Store the path of downloadurl
in web.config and the format should be set as "date + 4 random number "
FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write);
StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter
(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));("utf-8")
sw.WriteLine("Auto number, name, age");
foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);
}
sw.Close();
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;
filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name));
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
//Set the return string is unavailable reading for client, and must be downloaded

Response.WriteFile(name); //Send file string to client
Response.End();

public void Out2Excel(string sTableName,string url)
{
Excel.Application oExcel=new Excel.Application();
Workbooks oBooks;
Workbook oBook;
Sheets oSheets;
Worksheet oSheet;
Range oCells;
string sFile="",sTemplate="";
//
System.Data.DataTable dt=TableOut(sTableName).Tables[0];

sFile=url+"myExcel.xls";
sTemplate=url+"MyTemplate.xls";
//
oExcel.Visible=false;
oExcel.DisplayAlerts=false;
//define a new workbook
oBooks=oExcel.Workbooks;
oBooks.Open(sTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing.
Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,
Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
oBook=oBooks.get_Item(1);
oSheets=oBook.Worksheets;
oSheet=(Worksheet)oSheets.get_Item(1);
//Give the sheet a name
oSheet.Name="Sheet1";

oCells=oSheet.Cells;
//Call dumpdata process and export to Excel

DumpData(dt,oCells);
//Store
oSheet.SaveAs(sFile,Excel.XlFileFormat.xlTemplate,Type.Missing,
Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange,
Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
oBook.Close(false, Type.Missing,Type.Missing);
//Exit Excel and free invoking COM resource
oExcel.Quit();
GC.Collect();
KillProcess("Excel");
}
private void KillProcess(string processName)
{
System.Diagnostics.Process myproc= new System.Diagnostics.Process();
//get all opened progresses
try
{
foreach (Process thisproc in Process.GetProcessesByName(processName))
{
if(!thisproc.CloseMainWindow())
{
thisproc.Kill();
}
}
}
catch(Exception Exc)
{
throw new Exception("",Exc);
}
}

方案7:

protected void ExportExcel()
{
gridbind();
if(ds1==null) return;

string saveFileName="";
// bool fileSaved=false;
SaveFileDialog saveDialog=new SaveFileDialog();
saveDialog.DefaultExt ="xls";
saveDialog.Filter="Excel File|*.xls";
saveDialog.FileName ="Sheet1";
saveDialog.ShowDialog();
saveFileName=saveDialog.FileName;
if(saveFileName.IndexOf(":")<0) return; // Cancelled
//excelapp.Workbooks.Open (App.path & Progress table.xls)

Excel.Application xlApp=new Excel.Application();
object missing=System.Reflection.Missing.Value;

if(xlApp==null)
{
MessageBox.Show("Create Excel object failed, maybe you dont install Excel ");
return;
}
Excel.Workbooks workbooks=xlApp.Workbooks;
Excel.Workbook workbook=workbooks.Add(Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
Excel.Worksheet worksheet=(Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];// Get sheet1
Excel.Range range;

string oldCaption=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
long totalCount=ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
long rowRead=0;
float percent=0;

worksheet.Cells[1,1]=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
//Write text
for(int i=0;i<ds1.tables[0].columns.count;i++)
worksheet.cells[2,i+1]="ds1.Tables[0].Columns.ColumnName;"

range.interior.colorindex="15;" range.font.bold="true;"
.visible="true;" r="0;r<ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;r++)"
i="0;i<ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count;i++)"
worksheet.cells[r+3,i+1]="ds1.Tables[0].Rows[r];"
percent="((float)(100*rowRead))/totalCount;" this.caption.visible="false;"
this.caption.text=" Exporting Data [" range="(Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells
[2,i+1];" range.borders[excel.xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal].colorindex=
"Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;"
range.borders[excel.xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal].linestyle=
"Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;"
range.borders[excel.xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal].weight=
"Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin;">1)
{
range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].ColorIndex
=Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;
}
workbook.Close(missing,missing,missing);
xlApp.Quit();
}

方案8 (from Cipherlad):

使用DataSet 的GetXml方法，并且使用XSLT将XML转化为标准的Excel格式，你可以使用不同样式模版对应不容版本的Excel，甚至可以用于导出其它文档。

方案9 (from Sergelp):

使用 OOXML 格式的开源库：http://simpleooxml.codeplex.com/

这是一个非常便捷的库，它包含多种格式、字体、颜色订制，你也不需要安装Excel软件，你可以在服务端创建Excel，然后实现下载，如下代码所示：

Dim ms As MemoryStream = ArticleDAL.GetStreamFromDataSet()
Response.Clear()
Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", String.Format("attachment;filename={0}", strFile))
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"
ms.WriteTo(Response.OutputStream)
Response.End()